What Are Electric Bikes? How Do They Work?

We see them whiz past us, confidently mastering the road. They are fast, quiet, ecological and efficient. And above all very funny. You have no difficulty getting around because you can climb large slopes with minimal effort.

And did you know? In urban centers it is able to reach a safe speed in a very short time thanks to its acceleration. This can be very useful at traffic lights or road junctions. In addition, they have a low center of gravity, which results in a much more stable ride than a conventional bike.

Among other things, to drive it, you do not need any type of driving license or insurance. But have you ever wondered how the electric bike works?

Electric Bike Operation

The basic concept is very simple: it is in fact a bike equipped with an electric motor. This electric bike motor can be integrated into the rear wheel, front-wheel or close to the central mechanism.

The motor helps the bicycle to move forward and receives energy from a battery which is recharged from the mains. In this section, we try to satisfy every curiosity about this versatile two-wheeled vehicle.

Understanding the Basic Components of an Electric Bike

Basically, an electric bike is a normal bike. They just have extra components that work together to allow them to function; an electric motor, a battery, a sensor and a display.

1. Motor

The electric bike motor can be on the rear wheel, front wheel or embedded in the bottom bracket area. Keep in mind that they are usually produced by different brands such as Shimano, Bosch or the same bicycle manufacturer.

When it comes to maximum power, the idea is to invest in versions of at least 250 watts. With this feature you already enjoy a good push on the pedals to move on different types of terrain.

However, it is nice to point out that there are two motor models on the market: brushed and brushless, ie without brushes. The latter is the most used because it is very silent, resistant and guarantees considerable efficiency.

2. Battery

It can be considered the heart of the motorbike. There are basically two types of electric bike batteries on the market, namely lithium or lead-acid.

In addition to considerable battery life, the lithium battery has the following advantages:

• It is lighter than a lead-acid battery
• Electric bikes are recharged in eight hours at the most
• It can be used to the full before being recharged

The lead-acid battery, on the other hand, should always be charged before it runs out completely, otherwise, it won’t be able to hold energy.

It is also said that if it is not used for a period of six months, it stops working and is useless anymore. Also, they must never remove from an office. Of course, it depends on the models.

To monitor energy consumption, many models have a battery level controller located on the handlebar.

3. Sensor

There are two types of sensors: the speed one and the torque one.

The first activates the central motor when you take the first few rides, while the second offers you a level of assistance based on your speed and supports you during maneuvers.

4. Display

Turn on the electric bicycle with the on / off button on the battery or on the display.

The display then activates, on which you can see at a glance in which support mode you are pedalling, what is your speed and how many kilometres traveled.

5. Pedals

Generally speaking, electric bikes are designed with two propulsion options. I want to see it? Some models only use the so-called pedal-assist or pedelec (pedal electric cycle). Others have an integrated accelerator.

In the pedal-assisted bike, the motor is activated when the cyclist starts pedalling. This happens thanks to the sensors present in the piece.

In the electric bike with the accelerator, the cyclist uses the electrical system without the need to pedal. The key to start is to turn the handle as you do on motorcycles.

And whatever the acceleration model is chosen, one thing is certain: it is interesting to bet on versions that allow the power of the removable battery to be adjusted on the panel itself.

This detail is essential to facilitate power management.

5 Advantages of the Electric Bicycle

Now you know everything about how the electric bicycle works. However, if you’re still not sure if it’s really worth buying one, don’t worry.

To put an end to indecision and understand why and how to choose an electric bike, we present the main advantages of this type of vehicle.

1. Facilitates travel

The feature that stands out the most in an electric bike is its motor. This component is intended to facilitate movement, making pedalling easier and more relaxed, without the need to make a great effort.

Imagine that you no longer want to use public transport, both to avoid elbowing during rush hours and for delays that can interfere with your appointments, even programmable ones.

So going on an e-bike appointment is an excellent solution, especially when the road is long and steep. By investing in this vehicle, you will arrive at your destination rested and on time.

2. Environmentally Friendly

Global warming is one of the most talked-about topics in recent years. And no wonder: with population growth and vast exploitation of natural resources, our planet is asking for help.

Therefore, several companies develop electric bike models to protect the ecosystem. An electric bike does not emit any polluting gas. That’s why some see them as the future of transportation.

3. Good value for money

Investing in an electric bike is not cheap (ranging from 500$ upwards). However, in the long run, its cost/benefit ratio is very beneficial.

With a vehicle like this in the garage, you won’t have to worry about the many expenses that plague owners of an expensive and polluting car: fuel, maintenance costs, not to mention the depreciation of the vehicle.

And this, not to mention the health benefits this means of transport offers, as it is a great way to keep the body moving by strengthening muscles and the immune system.

4. Suitable for All Ages

Thanks to its electric bike motor, the electric bicycle is also suitable for many people with mobility problems: users with muscle complications, people of old age, and even those who cannot make great physical efforts.

5. Satisfy the Most Diverse Needs

There is an electric bike model for every need, especially if you are a cycling enthusiast. People who like to use this vehicle to “get on the road” have vehicles designed for this purpose.
If your goal is to go on extreme tours, consider investing in an electric mountain bike.

And for the city, there are lighter alternatives, even foldable ones.

What are the Disadvantages of Electric Bikes?

Yes, the electric bike also has some disadvantages (fortunately they are less relevant than the positives):

• It is heavier than traditional bikes.
• Depending on how long the batteries last, they need to be changed from time to time (and disposed of properly).
• It also requires special maintenance, especially as regards the electrical system; models.
• With high autonomy and lighter weight, they tend to be much more expensive.

Are Electric Bicycles Safe?

When they have their first contact with the universe of the electric bicycle, many people ask themselves: “Is this type of vehicle really safe?”. The answer is yes.

While this intrepid two-wheeler has more power than traditional models, it moves smoothly on roads and even on steep surfaces.

However, it is very important that the cyclist takes some precautions to avoid accidents and not to get in the way of traffic. We must not forget, first of all, that this vehicle is heavier than traditional bicycles.

In addition, it reaches a high top speed and requires special attention when cornering.

How to keep the electric bike efficient?

Here’s great news: the electric bike doesn’t require much more maintenance than a conventional bike.

• The main care is to keep the battery always efficient, just like you do with your smartphone or notebook.
• Do not recharge your e-bike in damp places or in the rain, to avoid the risk of damaging the electric bike circuit.
• Every 15 days it is a good idea to check the screws and wheels, always making sure they are well tightened.
• Also remember to periodically take your vehicle to a specialized shop, where there are expert mechanics who can do a sort of “service” of your bike
• And last but not least: never leave the house on an electric bike without wearing a helmet. Your health and safety must come first.

Conclusions

An e-bike provides you with effective support while pedaling, with the help of an electric motor, a battery and sensors. And this makes cycling much more enjoyable and less tiring.

On the market you can find models for every need for movement in the city, in the countryside and even on steep slopes. In any case, the operation is the same and knowing it will help you make the most of your new two-wheeler!